Method of producing lampblack



L. BENDIT.

METHOD OF PRODUCING LAMPBLACK.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15. 1918.

1,304,729. 7 Patented May 27, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Lou/is end/ 'A TTORNE Y L. BENDIT.

METHOD OF PRODUCING LAMPBLACK.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, l9l8.

1,3U4fl72 Patented May 27, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- A I'PTORNEY LOUIS IBENDIT, OF CHELSEA, OKLAHOMA.

METHOD OI PRODUCING LAMPBIIACK- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1919.

Application filed larch 15, 1918. Serial No. $22,605.

the line V-V in Fig. III showing the dis- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS BENDIT, a c1t1- zen of the United States, residin at 'Chelsea, in the county of Rogers an State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Producing Lampblack; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing lamp black and more particularly to a method which includes the collection of carbon or lamp black by a process of electrical precipitation; the principal object of the invention being to provide a method and improved apparatus, whereby a partial vacuum is produced within a combustion chamber wherein petroleum or other carbomferous matter elther in the form of a solid, liquid or gas may be burned, so that combustion will take place at a temperature below that which is re- Y quired for combustion at atmospheric pressure, causing the products of combustion to yield a maximum percentage of carbon,

which is precipitated from the products of combustion by a well known process of electrical precipitation.

In accomplishing this object I have provided improved details of structure, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accom anying drawings, wherein:

Figure is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the arrangement of burners and illustrating the arrangement of the oil circulating s stem and burners.

Fig. I is an enlarged detail, sectional view of one of the burner units used in the furnace. v

Fig. V is a horizontal sectional view on position of the burners within the furnace. v Fig. VI is a vertical sectional view of one of the precipitators showing the tubular Electrodes and the precipitate collecting 0 per.

eferring more in detail to the drawings: 1-.1' designate paired furnaces wherelnto oil is delivered and incompletely burned to yield up the products from which the carbon or lamp black is precipitated; each of the furnaces having outlet flues 2 and 2 at its top which opens into a lar er flue section 3 and the latter in turn leading into a .fan housing 4 wherein a suction fan 5, that is here shown to be operated by a motor 6, is located. 77 designate paired precipitators, havmg dampered' inlet fiues 8 and 8' opening into one side thereof, the said flues connectfi o ter ends with a breaching or conduit. 9.8'Wh1ch leads from the fan housing 4. The conduits or flues 3 and 9 being so connected with the furnaces, that products of combustion will be drawn from the furnace through the outlet fiues 2 and 3 and delivered through the fan housing conduit 9 and inlets 8-8 into the precipitators, wherein as is presently described, the carbon or lamp black is collected. P

While I have shown two furnaces and two precipitator units, the system may comprise one, or more of each according to the size and capacity of the individual units, and

since the operation and construction of one unlt is ldentical to that of the other, in the following description, I will describe but one with the understanding that the de scription relates equally to both.

The furnace 1, in its preferred construction comprises a closed cor'n'bustionchamber 10 having a conical top member 11 provided at its apex with an opening which leads into or tile lined fire bowl 12 that is supported on a peripheral flange 13 fixed about the up er edge of an oil basln 14; all of the upper rnace parts being supported from the said basin while the latter is supported at a desirable height above a floor or other foundation, by legs 15. a

v the outlet flue 2, and .at its base with a brick Located conveniently at one side. of the furnace is an oil supply tank 16, which is fed, from a source of supply (not shown), by pipe 17.; the latter being controlled at its instance, is near the top of the basin.

Leading respectively from one side of the supply tank 16 and from the base of the basin 14 are pipes 20 and 21 which connect with a circulating pump shown at 22, in such a manner that, when the pump is in operation, oil will be taken from the base of the basin and delivered into the supply tank, and from the tank it will flow through the pipe 19, back into the basin. With this arrangement of circulating pipes, a constant circulation of oilmay be maintained which will prevent the heavier particles of oil from settling in the basin and only the lighter particles being consumed,

I also provide the pipe 21 with a drain pipe 24: having a valve 25 therein which may be opened to allow the furnace basin to be drained. The pipes 19 and 21 are also respectively provided with valves 26-27 which may be closed or opened to regulate the flow of oil as desired according to the capacity of the furnace.

In order to ignite and burn the oil within the furnace I'provide a pluralityof burner units 30, each unit comprising an air conduit 31 which extends horizontally within the basin 14 and is provided with vertically extending outlets 32. The body of each tube or conduit 31 is disposed within the basins beneath the level of oil and the outlet tubes 32 extend therefrom to a slight distance above the oil level, so that air, intaken at the outer ends of the conduits which extend through the walls of the basin in an oil tight joint, may be delivered into the furnace slightly above the oil level.

I also provide the outer ends of the air conduits with revolvably damper disks 34 having openings 35 therein, which are fixed over the ends of the conduits and may be so operated that air in any desired quantity may be admitted into the furnace; the best results being obtained when the flame just vavoids being extinguished and combustion is as incomplete as possible.

Extending into the furnace through the air conduits 31 are gas mains 40 having branch pipes 41 leading therefrom upwardly through the outlets 32, which are provided at their upper ends with downwardly curved burner tips 43 which terminate closely adjacent the surface of the oil.

rename Gas delivered into the mains will be discharged through the burner tips andwhen ignited will cast their flames against the surface of the oil, causing it to burn and smoke. The smoke rises in the furnace and is drawn ofl by suction 'created by operation of the fan 5, and is delivered through the outlet 2, conduit 9 and inlet 8 into a amount of carbon or lamp black to be givenofl from the oil.

It is apparent that the air conduits 31, being located within the basin beneath the normal oil level, will. be protected from the flames of the gas burners, and in order to likewise protect the upper ends of the outlet tubes 32 I provide each with a ring like cap 45 which inclose the ends of the tubes and maybe removed therefrom and replaced as often as is necessary.

While the detail construction of the precipitators forms no part of the present invention, in order that a clearer understanding of the operation of the plant may be obtained its construction and operation is but briefly described as follows:

Each precipitator consists of a lower header 50 and an upper header 51 which are connected by a plurality of tubular electrodes 52. The lower header communicates through the dampered connecting flue 8 with the smoke conduit 9 and the upper header connects with a small stack 53 mounted di rectly over the unit and which is supplied with a damper at its outlet end. The bottom of the lower header is hoppered to re ceive the carbon or lamp black collected, as is presently described, in the tubular electrodes, and the lower end of the hopper delivers the material thus collected into a conveyer 55 whereby it isv carried from the prec'ipitator.

Suspended centrally within each of the tubes 52 are discharge electrodes 56, consisting of copper wires of suitable diameter, which are fixed at their upper ends to bus bars 57 which in turn are supported on in sulators 58, all in accordance with standard design.

In the operation of these precipitators, the finely divided carbon particles, carried out of the furnaces is precipitated upon the tubular electrodes as the gases of combustion are carried up through the precipitator. The precipitated particles cling tightly to the electrodes, which are given a mechanical jar from time to time, by manually operated mechanism (not shown) and the particles, thereby shaken loose from the electrodes, fall into the hoppers therebeneath and are delivered into the conveyers and conducted from the precipitator.

Assuming that the system is arranged as described, in operating the plant, oil that is automatically fed into the receiver tank from the pipe 17 by operation of the valve mechanism 18, is delivered through the pipe 19 into the furnace basin 14 until it reaches a predetermined level, where the flow is antomatically checked by the control valve 18. The pump 22 is then operated to maintain a circulation of oil from the bottom of the basin to the receiver tank and then again from the tank to the furnace basin, which keeps the heavier particles of oil equally mixed with the lighter particles at the top of the basin.

Gas is then turned into the mains and ignited as it is discharged'at the burner tips; the gas flames bein blown against the oil surface ignite the oi causing it to smoke, and the dampers 84 are operated so that air is admitted into the furnace only in a suflicient quantity to prevent the flames from being extinguished and to cause the most incomplete combustion possible.

The smoke created by this incomplete combustion of oil is drawn from the furnaces by the suction created by the fan 5 in the housing 4 and is delivered into the precipitators. The fan operating at a high speed not only serves to force the smoke from the furnaces to the precipitators but also creates a partial vacuum within the furnaces, which consequently lowers the temperature of the fire bowl and permits a more ready separation of the carbon from the oil. Y

The smoke is then delivered into the precipitators through the lower headers 50 and passes upward through the tubular electrodes 52 where the finely divided particles of carbon or lamp black are deposited.

From time to time the tubes are. 'ven a mechanical jar such as by hammering, so that the deposited material will be shaken loose and it falls into the hoppered base of the precipitator and is taken up by the conve er and delivered to a; suitable packing ta le.

With this arrangement it is apparent that a high grade and larger quantity of lamp black may be collected as the other products of combustion will be carried from the precipitator through the stack.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is

1. The method of producing carbon or lamp black consisting of effecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter at less than atmospheric premure, withdrawing and precipitating the carbon content of the product. 7

2. The method of producing carbon or lamp black consisting of eifecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter at less than atmospheric pressure, withdrawing the product under vacuum and recipitating the carbon content of the pro uct.

3. The method of producing carbon or lamp black consisting of effecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter in a closed furnace, app-lying suction to the flame to effect combustion at less than atmospheric pressure and withdrawing the product and precipitating the carbon content of the product.

4:. The method of producing carbon or lampblack which consists in efl'ecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter in an inclosed chamber, collecting the product in a zone of less pressure than that of the inclosed chamber and precipitating, the carbon from said product. I

5. The method of producing carbon or lamp-black which consists in effecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter in an inclosed chamber, removing the product by an exhauster and precipitating the carbon content of the roduct.

6. The method of pr ucing carbon or lamp black which consists in effecting incomplete combustion of carboniferous matter in an inclosed chamber, removing the product by anexhauster and subjecting the 

